Conjunctivitis is an uncomfortable eye condition that results when the conjunctiva becomes inflamed or infected. The conjunctiva is a thin layer of transparent tissue that lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eye. The condition is often called “pink eye” and is a common eye disease, especially in children.
Conjunctivitis can affect one or both eyes, and some forms are highly contagious and easily spread in schools and the home. While it is considered a minor eye problem, it can develop into a more serious condition.
What Causes Conjunctivitis?
Conjunctivitis is usually caused by a viral or bacterial infection. But it can result from an allergic reaction to irritants in the air like pollen and smoke, swimming pool chlorine and general cosmetic ingredients. Although sexually transmitted diseases like Chlamydia and gonorrhea also cause conjunctivitis, they are less common.
What are the Symptoms of Conjunctivitis?
The following symptoms may indicate conjunctivitis:
An itching or burning sensation in one or both eyes.
A sensation of sand or grit in one or both eyes.
A discharge from one or both eyes.
One or both eyelids swollen.
A pinkish/red discoloration to the whites of one or both eyes.
An increased sensitivity to light.
How is Conjunctivitis Diagnosed?
Conjunctivitis is usually diagnosed by an optometrist, who will conduct a comprehensive eye examination. From the information obtained, the optometrist will determine if you have conjunctivitis and advise you on treatment options.
How is Conjunctivitis Treated?
The treatment of conjunctivitis focuses on three areas:
Providing comfort for the patient.
Retarding the progress of the infection or inflammation.
Containing the spread of the infection if contagious.
Treatment will vary depending on the type of conjunctivitis diagnosed. Contact lens wearers may have to remove their lenses during medication and your eye care practitioner will advise you accordingly.
Self-care
Good eye hygiene remains the best way to control the spread of conjunctivitis. Once diagnosed, be sure to follow these steps:
Wash your hands frequently.
Under no circumstances touch your eyes with your hands.
Stop using eye cosmetics.
Change your washcloth and towel daily and don’t share them.
Follow your eye care practitioner’s guide on contact lens care.
Warm compresses applied to the affected eye can provide soothing comfort. Keep eyelids closed when doing this. Cool compresses are best used for allergic conjunctivitis. Over the counter eye drops are available to soothe and alleviate symptoms.
Make sure to see your optometrist immediately when you experience possible conjunctivitis to obtain accurate diagnosis and treatment options.
